Ruling Could Enable EPA To Retain ‘Defenses’ In Multiple Air Toxics Rules

September 11, 2025
The recent D.C. Circuit ruling upholding “affirmative defenses” for plant malfunctions from civil liability in Clean Air Act (CAA) Title V permits may enable the agency to reverse or modify its practice of removing such measures from multiple air toxics regulations, sources say. In its Sept. 5 ruling in SSM Litigation Group v. EPA, et al. , a three-judge panel of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit overturned a Biden-era rule that required the removal...


Not a subscriber? Request 30 days free access to exclusive environmental policy reporting.